12世紀(jì)末在西歐出現(xiàn)了*批風(fēng)車。有些人認為，無錫風(fēng)力風(fēng)機制造有限公司在巴勒斯坦參加了十字軍東侵的士兵們回家時帶回了關(guān)于風(fēng)車的信息。但是，西方風(fēng)車的設(shè)計與敘利亞的風(fēng)車迥然不同，因而它們可能是獨立發(fā)明出來的。典型的地中海風(fēng)車有著圓形石塔和朝向盛行風(fēng)安裝的垂直翼板。它們?nèi)杂糜谀ニ楣任铩?862年，英國的圭貝爾發(fā)明離心風(fēng)機，其葉輪、機殼為同心圓型，機殼用磚制，木制葉輪采用后向直葉片，效率僅為40%左右，主要用于礦山通風(fēng)。1880年，人們設(shè)計出用于礦井排送風(fēng)的蝸形機殼，和后向彎曲葉片的離心風(fēng)機，結(jié)構(gòu)已比較完善了。892年法國研制成橫流風(fēng)機；1898年，愛爾蘭人設(shè)計出前向葉片的西羅柯式離心風(fēng)機，并為各國所廣泛采用；19世紀(jì)，軸流風(fēng)機已應(yīng)用于礦井通風(fēng)和冶金工業(yè)的鼓風(fēng)，但其壓力僅為100～300帕，效率僅為15～25%，直到二十世紀(jì)40年代以后才得到較快的發(fā)展。 （圖/文http://upianzi.com/）
（中譯英）
At the end of twelfth Century appeared in Western Europe in the first batch of windmill. Some people think that, in Palestine participated in the crusade of the soldiers home brought about the information. However, the Western windmill design and windmills in Syria be totally different, so they may be independently invented. Typical Mediterranean windmills with round towers and the prevailing wind is mounted for vertical wing plate. They are still used to grind corn. In 1862, Britain's Goebel invention centrifugal fan, the impeller, the casing is concentric circle type, casing with brick, wooden impeller using backward straight blades, efficiency of only about 40%, mainly used for mine ventilation. In 1880, people design for mine exhaust air scroll casing, and backward curved blade centrifugal fan, structure has a relatively perfect. 892 years of French developed into a cross-flow fan;1898, the Irish design prior to the San Siro Ke blade centrifugal fan, and used by the countries widely; nineteenth Century, axial flow fan has been applied to the mine ventilation and metallurgical industrial blast, but the pressure is only 100 ~300 kPa, efficiency is only 15~ 25%, until twentieth Century40 time later to get rapidder development. |
